Unity开发记录-2D角色移动跳跃

Unity学习记录-2D角色移动跳跃

角色移动

角色移动是一个持久性的动作，放在FixedUpdate中处理

• 获取输入
• 设置刚体的速度
• 根据需要调整角色贴图的朝向

///<summary>
///角色左右移动
///</summary>
void PlayerMove()
{
    if (!isHited) //如果角色不处于受击状态
    {
        //获取角色的移动方向 -1，0，1
        float movement = Input.GetAxisRaw("Horizontal");
        
        //对角色进行移动
        playerRb.velocity = new Vector2(movement * moveSpeed * Time.fixedDeltaTime, playerRb.velocity.y);
        
        //对角色进行转向
        if (movement != 0)
        {
            this.gameObject.transform.localScale = new Vector3(movement, 1, 1);
        }
    }
}

角色跳跃

• 如何解决多段跳中，跳跃次数刷新的问题？
  1. 多段跳中，跳跃次数的BUG主要原因是：角色在起跳的一瞬间，还是和地面层接触，在此瞬间跳跃次数会刷新
  2. 使用射线检测和Rigidbody的IsTouchingLayers方法来检测是否接触地面
  3. 在落地的一瞬间（y轴速度小于0且触地）恢复跳跃次数
• 如何优化角色的跳跃手感？
  1. 在角色跳跃后下降的过程，将下落速度增大，让角色更快下落以优化手感
  2. 在角色向上跳跃时先将Rigidbody的y轴速度赋为0，再施加向上的力可以保证每次跳跃高度相同
  3. 角色向上跳跃时限制最大速度

整体代码：

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

[RequireComponent(typeof(Rigidbody2D))]
public class PlayerMovement : MonoBehaviour
{
    [Header("移动速度")]
    public float moveSpeed;
    [Header("跳跃力度")]
    public float jumpForce;
    [Header("跳跃次数")]
    public int jumpCount = 2;
    [Header("最大跳跃速度")]
    public float maxJumpSpeed;

    private Rigidbody2D playerRb;
    private BoxCollider2D playerCollider;
    private int jumpTime;  //当前可用的跳跃次数
    private bool isOnGround = false;  //是否触地
    private GameObject currentGround; //当前接触的地面

    [SerializeField][Header("左侧检查点")]
    private GameObject leftCheckPoint;
    [SerializeField][Header("右侧检查点")]
    private GameObject rightCheckPoint;

    [SerializeField]private bool isHited = false;
    [SerializeField] private LayerMask ground;

    void Start()
    {
        playerRb = gameObject.GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();
        playerCollider = gameObject.GetComponent<BoxCollider2D>();
        anim = GetComponent<Animator>();
        //技能一，三段跳
        if(GetComponent<PlayerInfo>().getSkillNum() == 1)
        {
            jumpCount = 3;
        }
        jumpTime = jumpCount;
        //Physics2D.IgnoreLayerCollision(6, 6); //忽略玩家间的碰撞
    }

    void FixedUpdate()
    {
        PlayerMove();
    }

    void Update()
    {
        PlayerJump();
        BetterFalling();
        CheckIsGround();
    }

    ///<summary>
    ///角色左右移动
    ///</summary>
    void PlayerMove()
    {
        if (!isHited)
        {
            //获取角色的移动方向 -1，0，1
            float movement = Input.GetAxisRaw("Horizontal");
            //对角色进行移动
            playerRb.velocity = new Vector2(movement * moveSpeed * Time.fixedDeltaTime, playerRb.velocity.y);
            //对角色进行转向
            if (movement != 0)
            {
                this.gameObject.transform.localScale = new Vector3(movement, 1, 1);
            }
        }
    }

    ///<summary>
    ///角色跳跃
    ///</summary>
    void PlayerJump()
    {
        if(jumpTime>0)
        {
            if(Input.GetButtonDown("Jump"))
            {
                jumpTime--;
                //清除y轴方向的速度，保证每次跳跃高度相同
                playerRb.velocity = new Vector2(playerRb.velocity.x, 0);
                //AddForce添加向上的力
                playerRb.AddForce(Vector2.up*jumpForce);
                anim.SetBool("isJumping", true);//跳跃动画
                isOnGround = false;
            }
        }
        //限制向上的速度
        if(playerRb.velocity.y>maxJumpSpeed)
        {
            playerRb.velocity = new Vector2(playerRb.velocity.x, maxJumpSpeed);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 跳跃手感优化
    /// </summary>
    void BetterFalling()
    {
        if(playerRb.velocity.y<0)
        {
            //增加下落的速度
            playerRb.velocity += Vector2.up * Physics2D.gravity.y * (3.0f)*Time.deltaTime;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 检查是否触地面
    /// </summary>
    void CheckIsGround()
    {
        //射线检测，left和right对应角色的两脚
        RaycastHit2D left = Physics2D.Raycast(leftCheckPoint.transform.position, Vector2.down*0.03f, 0.03f,ground);
        RaycastHit2D right = Physics2D.Raycast(rightCheckPoint.transform.position, Vector2.down*0.03f, 0.03f,ground);
        bool rayCheckResult = left||right;

        //触地检测
        if (playerRb.IsTouchingLayers(ground) || rayCheckResult) 
        {
            isOnGround = true;
        }
        else
        {
            isOnGround = false;
        }

        //落地恢复跳跃次数
        if (playerRb.velocity.y<0 && (playerRb.IsTouchingLayers(ground)||rayCheckResult)) 
        {
            jumpTime = jumpCount;
        }
    }
}

多段跳——跳跃次数bug解决方案

/// <summary>
/// 检查是否触地面
/// </summary>
void CheckIsGround()
{
    //射线检测，left和right对应角色的两脚
    RaycastHit2D left = Physics2D.Raycast(leftCheckPoint.transform.position, Vector2.down*0.03f, 0.03f,ground);
    RaycastHit2D right = Physics2D.Raycast(rightCheckPoint.transform.position, Vector2.down*0.03f, 0.03f,ground);
    bool rayCheckResult = left||right;

    //触地检测
    if (playerRb.IsTouchingLayers(ground) || rayCheckResult) 
    {
        isOnGround = true;
    }
    else
    {
        isOnGround = false;
    }

    //落地恢复跳跃次数
    if (playerRb.velocity.y<0 && (playerRb.IsTouchingLayers(ground)||rayCheckResult)) 
    {
        jumpTime = jumpCount;
    }
}

跳跃手感优化

/// <summary>
/// 跳跃手感优化
/// </summary>
void BetterFalling()
{
    if(playerRb.velocity.y<0)
    {
        //增加下落的速度
        playerRb.velocity += Vector2.up * Physics2D.gravity.y * (3.0f)*Time.deltaTime;
    }
}

也可以通过增加角色的重力来实现更快的起跳和落地，优化手感